Review for Lab Practical Exam 12/2/14 HD

Pardon the Audio --A Lukens Trap is used to collect a sputum sample from the patient’s airway. This device is attached to suction hosing on one port and the suction catheter is placed on the other port. The specimen is trapped inside of the canister --The Venturi Mask is the preferred “next step” after a nasal cannula’s usage becomes insufficient. The Venturi Mask is more reliable because it delivers a set FIO2 to a patient through air entrainment ports that the RT sets. FIO2 is directly correlated to the entrainment port that is in place. The amount of air entrained is directly related to the velocity of the oxygen being delivered. An important note to remember is that a Venturi Mask is needed in place of a nasal cannula if the patient’s breathing pattern is sporadic or irregular. Oxygen Delivery: Varies for each Venturi unit, look at the entrainment port and set liter flow that the entrainment port states. The jet size and entrainment port determine the FIO2. Venturi Masks can provide 24-50% O2. --The Incentive Spirometer is used to help expand the lungs by encouraging patients to take slow deep breaths. The desired volume and number of repetitions is determined by the RT. The patient’s adequate volume is set by predetermined norms for the patient or the RT watching the patient’s initial performance and setting volume goals accordingly. Usage Instructions: The maneuver used for the Incentive Spirometer is SMI (Sustained Maximal Inspiration) followed by a 5 to 10 second breath hold. Indications: The Incentive Spirometer is used to treat existing atelectasis or when the patient is predisposed to possibly developing atelectasis. Such as if the patient has recently undergone surgery involving the upper abdomen, thoracic surgery, or any major surgery on a patient who has COPD. Incentive Spirometry also helps prevent pneumonia by allowing adequate lung expansion allow the patient to cough up secretions that may be pooling in the airways. --A Bourdon Gauge is a flowmeter device that is always used in combination with an adjustable pressure reducing valve. The Bourdon Gauge uses a fixed orifice. It operates under variable pressures, making the Bourdon Gauge a fixed-orifice, variable-pressure flowmeter device. A Bourdon Gauge has a calibrated fixed orifice, which creates outflow resistance. The inside gauge is a curved, hollow, closed tube that changes shape with pressure changes. As pressure increases the tube straightens and transmits the pressure to a gear assembly and an indicator needle, thus allowing the user to read the pressure on the numbered regulator. Advantages: The Bourdon Gauge provides a continuous range of flow that can be adjusted by the user by altering the pressure on the attached reducing valve. Gravity does not affect a Bourdon Gauge. Thus making the Bourdon Gauge the best option when in a situation where a flowmeter cannot be maintained in an upright position. This type of situation may arise when transporting