{II} Endogenous Retroviruses: The Three Layers of ERV Evidence for Common Ancestry HD

Second Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_kfLo4Wd6cc First Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIAd8Zx_JKY The script for this video is an article I wrote for my website: ERVs: http://www.evolutionarymodel.com/ervs.htm Homepage: http://evolutionarymodel.com/ Series References: Download zipped folder of PDFs: http://www.mediafire.com/file/eutzygv5okt/erv_refs.zip Anderssen, S., E. Sjøttem, G. Svineng, and T. Johansen. "Comparative Analyses of LTRs of the ERV-H Family of Primate-Specific Retrovirus-like Elements Isolated from Marmoset, African Green Monkey, and Man." Virology 234.1 (1997): 14-30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9234943 Belshaw, R., V. Pereira, A. Katzourakis, G. Talbot, J. Paces, A. Burt, and M. Tristem. "Long-term reinfection of the human genome by endogenous retroviruses." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 101.14 (2004): 4894-899. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=15044706 Boeke, J. D., and J. P. Stoye. "Retrotransposons, endogenous retroviruses and the evolution of retroelements." (1997). In. Coffin, J. M., S. H. Hughes, and H. E. Varmus. Retroviruses. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1997. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=rv.chapter.3430 Cann, Alan. "Retroviruses." MicrobiologyBytes. Web. 26 Oct. 2009. http://www.microbiologybytes.com/virology/Retroviruses.html Cohen, C. J., W. M. Lock, and D. L. Mager. "Endogenous retroviral LTRs as promoters for human genes: a critical assessment." Gene 448.2 (2009): 105-14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19577618 Dangel, A. W., B. J. Baker, A. R. Mendoza, and C. Y. Yu. "Complement component C4 gene intron 9 as a phylogenetic marker for primates: long terminal repeats of the endogenous retrovirus ERV-K(C4) are a molecular clock of evolution." Immunogenetics 42.1 (1995): 41-52. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7797267 Dunlap, K. A., M. Palmarini, M. Varela, R. C. Burghardt, K. Hayashi, J. L. Farmer, and T. E. Spencer. "Endogenous retroviruses regulate periimplantation placental growth and differentiation." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 103.39 (2006): 14390-5. http://www.pnas.org/content/103/39/14390.full Hughes, J. F., and J. M. Coffin. "Human endogenous retroviral elements as indicators of ectopic recombination events in the primate genome." Genetics 171 (2005): 1183-194. http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/abstract/genetics.105.043976v1 International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. "Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome." Nature 409.6822 (2001): 860-921. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v409/n6822/full/409860a0.html Johnson, W. E., and J. M. Coffin. "Constructing primate phylogenies from ancient retrovirus sequences USA." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96.18 (1999): 10254-0260. http://www.pnas.org/content/96/18/10254.full Lebedev, Y. B., O. S. Belonovitch, N. V. Zybrova, P. P. Khil, S. G. Kurdyukov, T. V. Vinogradova, G. Hunsmann, and E. D. Sver